Introduction: One of the major problems facing most of the world's major metropolises and cities is natural hazards. In seismic countries, one of the most catastrophic is the earthquake event. Using statistical and probabilistic methods called seismic hazard analysis it is possible to ensure the safety of structures against earthquakes. Every year, a lot of researches have been done to determine the hazard of earthquakes around the world; Therefore, it is necessary to use new and up-to-date methods based on which seismic hazard maps can be updated in Iran. In this study, using a probabilistic approach and risk-targeted hazard analysis approach according to ASCE 07-10, the seismicity of siraf Port in Bushehr province was investigated. Materials and Methods: In the present study, in order to investigate the seismic status of the site, a set of historical and instrumental seismic data with a time coverage up to 2019 up to a radius of 150 km was used and seismic sources were modeled. For this purpose, seismic sources in the desired area, using geological maps and satellite images, were determined and a suitable model of seismic sources in the region was presented. The list of earthquakes that occurred in the project area was made through documents, books, and Accelerometer. The defect in the catalog were eliminated by using the Kijko-Sellevoll method. In order to achieve the Poisson distribution of events, foreshocks and aftershocks were eliminated using Gardner and Knopo methods and Grü nthal method. Finally, seismicity parameters were calculated based on data analysis in EZ-FRISK 7. 43 (2010). The results of seismic hazard analysis using the probabilistic method for siraf Port are presented as a risk-based at the design level for a return period of 2475 years. 3. Study Areasiraf Port is located in Bushehr province near Kangan city in the south of Iran, between the south and southwest of the country (27. 6667 ° N, 52. 3425 ° E). It is one of the oldest Ports in Iran, which is located between Kangan Port and Assaluyeh Port. The geological structure of the site follows the general trend of the Zagros with a northwest-southeast trend. The location of the site from a geomorphological point of view has a flat and plain topography and from the point of view of structural zones of Iran, it is located in the folded Zagros (Darvishzadeh, 1991). Results and Discussion: 4. 1. Determining the maximum horizontal acceleration of the ground motionUsing the results of the probabilistic method, the parameters of the maximum acceleration values of the horizontal component of the site at the seismic levels of operation basis level (OBL), design basis level (DBL) and maximum consider Earthquake (MCE) are 0. 11g, 0. 39g and 0. 61g, respectively. 4. 2. Risk-Targeted response spectrum for design levelThe design response spectrum based on risk concept (ASCE 07-10) for this site has higher values in the entire period interval (approximately 12%) than the design spectrum with a probability of exceedance 10% and 2% in 50 years. The increase in the values of the risk-based spectrum in the site compared to the uniform hazard spectrum is due to uncertainty in the collapse capacity of the designed structures. Therefore, the probability of collapse and failure of structures designed according to this spectrum by changing from one place to another and by changing the shape of the seismic hazard curve, leads to the probability of non-uniform collapse. According to the Hazard Zoning Map of Iran in Regulation 2800, the location of the site confirms the level of high seismic hazard and the amount of acceleration of the design is 0. 3gacceleration. While the earthquake hazard analysis of this region with a probability of exceedance 2% and 10% in 50 years has determined the parameters of maximum horizontal acceleration 0. 61g and 0. 39g, respectively. The spectrum estimated in Standard 2800 is based on 10 percent probability of exceedance within a 50-year period with a Return period of 475 years. In seismically active areas where earthquakes occur most frequently, such as the west, southwest, and south coasts of the country, this method may be a logical one. But in areas where earthquakes are less common or the sensitivity of the area or site is imPortant, the prediction of an earthquake with a return period of 475 years is under-predicted; Therefore, the definition of a maximum considered earthquake with a 2 percent probability of exceedance within a 50-year period with a Return period of 2475 years should be reconsidered. Finally it is worth mentioning that the estimated probability of collapse in 50 years for a structure designed for the probability of exceedance 2% in 50-years, with the 2/3 factor, is indeed more geographically uniform than that designed for the probability of exceedance 10% in 50-years ground motions, without any factor. Conclusion: Due to the high seismicity of Iran and especially the high imPortance of the southern regions of the country, it is recommended that the spectrum of regulations of the country (including standard 2800) be extensively studied and updated. Therefore, it is recommended to modify the spectrum in these regulations by updating the design spectrums of these regulations, using the methods available in valid standards such as ASCE7, in which earthquake estimation has been done properly. And for very imPortant areas (including Tehran, Bushehr and Tabriz) due to the hazard of earthquake and irreparable damage, it is recommended to use the design spectrum based on the concept of risk-targeted according to ASCE 7-10. The results of the study indicate that the seismic values of the spectrum obtained according to Regulation ASCE 07-10 are different from the proposed values for this area in the 2800 standard. The reason for this is the uncertainty in the seismic design of the structure that the risk-targeted approach is able to take into account and leads to achieving a uniform level of geographical distribution to prevent the collapse of the structure.

The oldest centers of human civilization are located at the confluence of the rivers and beaches of the seas. In this regard, the Persian Gulf and its lands were also enjoyed in particular in the first Islamic era. Which made it the focal point of the East-West trade. In this passage is the siraf Port. In the 4th century AH the largest Gulf trade Port and the most active Port of the East and the Gate of China Due to geographic location, maritime and shipping development, and enjoyment of seafarers .And well-known merchants who have enjoyed a privileged business and economic position in the maritime business. So, given that the beaches have unique cultural and visual qualities. And hardly understandable. And to what extent has humans been dominant in the evolution of the coastline, or how much other values and factors have dominated. The subject of this article is to study the title of recognition of exogenous and endogenous factors in the evolution and prosperity of the historic city and Port of siraf.

Recognizing the tourism capacity of coastal cities is of great imPortance. The historic Port of siraf, with its valuable and valuable past, can play an imPortant role in attracting coastal tourism. Therefore, with the restoration and reconstruction of this historic Port and the recognition of its capacities with regard to the possession of water and soil resources, the background Historical and geographic location is to be classified as offshore and offshore tourism. In recent decades, the types of tourism activities that have been dealing with the nature, especially the sea and the coast, are between the Ports of the southern neighbors, the marginal countries The Persian Gulf has a special position, which reflects the imPortance of the coastal coastal development capacity capability. In between is the neighboring countries. Thus, the present research is applied in terms of applied and descriptive-analytical method and library data has been used for collecting information. The question of the present research is that the Port of siraf, considering its historical background and its high potential in the coastal zone and the sea, can be successful in attracting beach tourists? The hypothesis of this research is that it seems that taking into account the high capacity of this region in attracting coastal tourist can be admitted siraf based on historical background, geographical location, special climate, positive and favorable fields. Recreation and sPorts, especially coastal tourism with its potential planning and potential, and can play a role in the development of coastal tourism and tourist attraction in view of its special position. The results indicate that the tourist industry, especially coastal tourism, is very imPortant due to the location of the Port and its coasts on the northern margin of the Persian Gulf, which should be considered and used by the responsible authorities so that Tourism, especially coastal tourism, has been developing in siraf.

Today, heritage tourism destinations are most thriving tourist places. Successful experiences of countries such as China and Greece show that, correct planning programs for these destinations, cause tourism economic boom in these areas. Iran is an ancient country with countless heritage sites and siraf is one of its heritage tourism destinations. We aimed to assess the status of the ancient Port siraf in heritage tourism, in order to investigate the feasibility, program planning and sustainable development of tourism in the southern of Iran. The kind of this research is Applied and case study that its data collected by library and field study and interpreted by analytical–descriptive method. Field survey included a questionnaire that designed to collect opinions of concerned experts by Delphi method. Research questions have been designed in social and cultural (S), environment (E), policy (P) and economic and tourism (T) (Tourism and Economic) fields. The results show that revive the tradition, the views of the environment, development of capital investment and employment arepositive influences of tourism and change the society Image, environmental damage, improper allocation of funds and the loss of originality are negative impacts of tourism in this area.

The most imPortant Sasanian-Islamic Port of Iran in the Persian Gulf was siraf, with a total population of 300,000. The ruined site of siraf lies on the Persian Gulf, 230 Km. south-east of Bushehr. By the time siraf was mentioned first (c. 850), it was already a flourishing Port with merchants dealing with India, East Africa, Madagascar, Malay Peninsula and China. siraf had a prominent role in the transfer of Indian medical knowledge to Jundi Shahpur medical school during Sasanian period. In addition to Indian medicine and Ayurvedaic medicine, siraf was the gate of Jundi Shahpur for Egyptian and Hellenistic medicine in the pre-Islamic and Islamic periods. This relationship was bidirectional and the heritage of Jundi Shahpur medical school including its medical books, medicinal plants and medical knowledge were transferred to the East by Indian and Chinese sailors and merchants. The imPort and exPort of medicinal plants and the existence of the storages of medicinal plants in siraf Port was mentioned in many times by historical geographists of the middle ages. In conclusion, this Sasanian-Islamic Port had a key role in the introduction of medicinal plants and the transmission of knowledge of medicine from India, East Africa, Egypt and China to the rising Jundi Shahpur medical school. The critical function of introduction of oriental medicine and medicinal plants to Iran through siraf Port was continued for several centuries, even after the down of Jundi Shahpur medical school.

One of the imPortant findings during the archeological activities in siraf Port was decorative plasters, the use of which could be seen in the mosque, houses and on the tombstone of siraf. The decorative richness of these plasters and a few researches related to the effect of Sasanian plastering art on siraf plasters are among the reasons for selecting this research topic. The main purpose of this study is to identify the decorative types of plant and geometric motifs seen on siraf plasters and examine their similarities and differences with those from Sasanian plaster motifs from Chal Tarkhan and Ctesiphon. Accordingly, the main questions of the research are: What are the plant and geometric motifs in siraf influenced by Chal Tarkhan and Ctesiphon plasters and What structural components do they have in similarities and differences? This is a descriptive- analytical research done with a library study and a comparative approach was applied. During the excavations carried out by archaeologists in siraf, plasters with various designs of plant and geometric motifs were found. Considering that the siraf Port was one of the imPortant Ports of the Persian Gulf during the Sasanian period until the early centuries of the advent of Islam, archaeological studies, historical and geographical sources, and available evidence showed that the designs used in siraf plasters were inspired by Sasanian ones.

siraf Port founded in Sassanid time in order to develop trade and security in Persian Gulf, and soon became very imPortant, like Ubulla Port. In Islamic medieval centuries, especially 3rd and 4th centuries A.H., some backgrounds and factors led siraf to flourish and become the most imPortant Port in Persian Gulf. The decline of Basra Port due to political riots; appropriate geographical location of siraf and suitable depth of its shores; experiences and efforts of siraf s seafarers and tradesmen; and finally Buyids special patronage to this Port and its hinterlands in Fars province, are considerable factors in this regard. siraf in its flourishing period had effective regional and intercontinental commercial relations with Different Ports and regions of China, India and Ceylon, Red sea and eastern Africa, and southern and northern shores of Persian Gulf.

Since the ancient time, the Persian Gulf trade has been very significant. The imPortant Ports of the Persian Gulf including siraf, lenabeh and Mahrouyan had played an imPortant role in the international trade. However, in some periods of the medieval times, particularly during the Saljuks, sea trade of the Persian Gulf declined, except in the Port of Tiz in Makran shore which had a considerable growth. This article will investigate the reasons for the decline of the Sea trade in the Persian Gulf during the Saljuks (the 5th and 6th centuries A.H.). Two reasons for this decline are realized: 1- The lack of a strong government in Fars and Khuzestan regions; 2- A reasonable and consistent trade policy by the Fatimids in Egypt which brought about growth of Red sea trade as an alternative. 

Due to the range of hazards threatening the navigation of vessels such as collisions with other passing vessels, collisions with structures such as breakwaters, and collisions with the bottom of vessels with the seabed, the design and use of fixed and floating signs should be considered. These signs, in addition to daytime operation, should also be equipped with Portable lights to navigate during the night. Since the maritime industry is international, these signs must have the same standards in terms of the shape, color, and rhythm of the lights These standards are developed by IALA. In this study, by reviewing international standards, navigation signs are first introduced and the use and characteristics of each of these signs are determined. In the following, as a case study, the location of these signs by using principles has been done for Tombak Port and Lavan oil wharf.